What you suggest isn't currently possible with Bitcoin, but it could be added in theory. Mastercoin plans to include this functionality and calls it "saving accounts", though of course it did not originate the idea.
The idea is to have an address associated with two keys, A and B. The address will be used for long-term savings. Funds can be spent from this address only in one of the following conditions:
- A transaction is signed by both A and B.
- A transaction is signed by A, and there is no "cancelling message" signed by B within X hours.
Furthermore, the transaction outputs cannot be spent before X hours pass.
These addresses will be recognized as savings addresses and merchants will not accept payment directly from them. They are used only for long-term savings, to be eventually moved to a hot wallet for everyday use (after X hours).
This arrangement has the following security features:
- To lose the coins, you must forget key A.
- To steal your coins, the attacker must steal keys A and B, or the attacker steals A and you forget B.
That's a different scenario thanconfiguration from normal addresses and multisig addresses, which may be advantageous in some scenarios.