Get the address from the transaction

Question

I'm from Ukraine and do not know much English, sorry. For example first block https://blockchain.info/block/000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f, when miner confirm this block he get bonus (50 BTC). And he make transaction https://blockchain.info/ru/tx/4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b, but in the first block be kept info about coinbase and script sig

Coin Base - 04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73

Script sig - 04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f OP_CHECKSIG

And address 1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa and hash for generate address 62e907b15cbf27d5425399ebf6f0fb50ebb88f18

where did you get the address?

EDIT

How get address or hash for generate adress from publicScriptSig

Answer 1

The initial Bitcoin transactions are slightly different from what we use today.

Addresses don't technically exist as far as the blockchain is concerned. They are simply a human-friendly representation of the underlying Bitcoin Scripts, that come with some properties like checksums to prevent typographical errors.

Original Bitcoin transactions were simply Pay-to-pubkey (P2PK), such as the one you see in the Coinbase above. In this, 04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f is the public key (note that this is the full public key, and not hashed).

Many coin explorers choose to treat this as a regular Bitcoin address, and perform the encoding steps outlined here. You can use this tool to check the public key creates 1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa as an uncompressed address (compressed keys were not known at the time of the genesis block, they were discovered later).

Modern day addresses are either P2PKH Pay-to-pubkey-hash (this hash is 62e907b15cbf27d5425399ebf6f0fb50ebb88f18 for the above key), P2SH pay-to-script-hash (this is used for multisig, and P2SH wrapped segwit), and P2WPKH pay-to-witness-pubkey-hash and P2WPSH pay-to-witness-script-hash segwit addresses (these start with bc1).

However, on the raw blockchain, all you will see is the Bitcoin Script that the addresses are encoding. Addresses are a purely human addition on top of the underlying transaction standards.