Questions tagged [consensus]
Questions about the consensus system of Bitcoin and the protocol rules that are consensus critical.
166
questions
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How a transaction is permanently accepted by the blockchain?
If a miner A creates a block containing a transaction A and a miner B creates a block NOT containing the transaction A about at the same time, then some of the other miners will first receive the ...
0
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1answer
21 views
What are the script size limitations according to consensus rules and are they enforced on TestNet?
I'm trying to figure out the limitations that scripts have regarding their size, limits that would make a script invalid (ignoring standardness). According to this question and also these lines of ...
0
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1answer
47 views
How do miners communicate in Bitcoin/ Decentralized Network?
1.)If there is no central authority maintaining database how miners differentiate among other miners.
2.)Do they have there own database which have details(Mac/IP address) of neighbouring miners .
3....
2
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1answer
71 views
What is the benefit of having a fixed target block interval?
By design Bitcoin targets a block interval of 10 minutes.
How does the blockchain benefit from maintaining a bounded block time?
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1answer
37 views
Mining process in a blockchain
Let's consider a blockchain. They mining nodes are listening to transactions and every one is building is own block. Due to latency and other issues, every miner is probably building a different block,...
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1answer
45 views
When exactly do the transactions get validated?
I have some gaps in my understanding to the life cycle of the transaction that I want someone to help me fill them specially with the validation.
What I understand about the life cycle with my ...
3
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1answer
39 views
Was it always required for the Coinbase transaction to be the first transaction in a block?
The user tempo mentioned on another topic:
"At least in the early protocol versions it was possible to put the coinbase transaction not on the top of the outputs."
I have never heard about this ...
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2answers
117 views
Can a blockchain's transactions be reversed?
Blockchains are often described as 'immutable' (meaning the history cannot be rewritten after the fact), but is this really true? How easy is it to change the history?
I have read about the Etheruem ...
3
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1answer
39 views
Could a malicious attacker subvert the Bitcoin network by failing to create a block?
I know its astronomically improbable, but say a malicious node "wins" the proof of work inherent to the Bitcoin protocol. If a malicious node simply waited indefinitely, or maliciously disconnected ...
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0answers
24 views
Can you call PoW 2f resilient?
Can you call PoW 2f resilient if all nodes would have same hash power?
PoW is called eventually consistence. Even in an asynchronous network.
The only attack possible is 51% attack. Further, there is ...
0
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2answers
31 views
Bitcoin consensus and server of miners
I know consensus is what 51% thinking.My questions is where miners communicated?On what server,what port??Where??The must push own api (copy of blocks) for thinking of consensus.So where BTC miners ...
3
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3answers
75 views
What is “consensus”?
Iām really struggling to get my head around a particular piece of lingo in the bitcoin/blockchain space, and would really appreciate if someone was able to give a bit of clarity. I have been doing a ...
0
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0answers
17 views
The time when the miner get a new block [duplicate]
I am wondering the time when get a reward for new mined block.
Theoretically, miner will earn reward when they mine new block. but at that time, there is no way to verify that they really waste hash ...
1
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1answer
117 views
Consensius algorithm difference to PoW and BFT
I have a question on the consensus algorithms, in particular, what is the principal difference conceptual to the family algorithm od PoW(used to bitcoin) and BFT(used to Libra blockchain with the ...
2
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0answers
35 views
How to detect a consensus is BFT or not? [closed]
Can we divide consensus algorithms into BFT (Byzantine Fault
Tolerant) and non-BFT ?
If so, How to detect a consensus is BFT or non-BFT ?
Is there any non-BFT consensus algorithm example ?
0
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1answer
258 views
What is the difference between BFT and PBFT
What are the differences between BFT and PBFT?
I want to know the difference between these two concepts.
If there is any improvement in the BFT's limitations, let me know.
Please answer. Thank you.
0
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1answer
48 views
Do Full Nodes validate all transactions and make new blocks after all bitcoin are mined?
Do Full Nodes validate all transactions after all bitcoin are mined?
A fork of bitcoin core with all coins pre mined would be behaving in this way too I'd imagine..?
Also, would these nodes still ...
2
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1answer
146 views
How does the 51 percent or 2/3 majority voting rule work?
For a block to be added to the chain, it needs vote from majority of miners, is that correct? If yes, does that mean a single block gets worked upon by all of the miners?
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1answer
26 views
Proof-of-Stake: What if a bad enactor is chosen by random?
My understanding of proof-of-stake is the following:
The node that mines the next block is chosen, randomly in proportion to the amount of nodes they have in the network (ex. person who who owns 5% ...
0
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1answer
30 views
How do nodes come to consensus on whether a timestamp is valid?
From bitcoin wiki:
A timestamp is accepted as valid if it is greater than the median timestamp of previous 11 blocks, and less than the network-adjusted time + 2 hours.
If a miner submits a block ...
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1answer
54 views
What are the biggest Proof-of-Stake roadblocks? [closed]
What are the biggest hurdles (technological or otherwise) that the Proof-of-Stake consensus algorithm must overcome to become the de facto consensus algorithm for blockchain? Or put differently, what'...
0
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1answer
24 views
What is meant with 'the highest PoW'?
What is meant when the nodes select the chain with the highest cumulated PoW?
How is the highest highest PoW calculated? I thought the concept itself is called PoW.
4
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1answer
200 views
Activation of SegWit v1
The segregated witness soft fork of August 2017 included a versioning field which would allow for future incrementation. Anthony Towns has recently posted an early draft of the proposal for the SegWit ...
0
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1answer
44 views
Ripple: Validators
All the validators need to reach consensus in ripple.
Would it that mean that, the more validators there are, the slower the process results?
But the less validators there are, the more unsafe the ...
0
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2answers
56 views
Does a Node connect to all the peers?
Does a Node connect to all the peers in the network? Or just a few?
If its just a few, how many?
If its just a few, what about if all of those nodes in the list are malicious?
0
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1answer
21 views
Blockchain: How do nodes know what Data is correct from Consensus process?
How do nodes know what data is correct from consensus?
What about if two nodes execute two different consensus with 2 different Valid blocks with the same height at the same time, can that happen?
...
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1answer
26 views
as a individual miner's side, how UASF, UAHF agree or disagree is occurred?
UASF is timestamp-based method. after that time, new rules will start. but i have a few question about this. how this rules is accepted by USER?
does miner program contains 'yes' or 'no' about this ...
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0answers
22 views
Does everything of a Blockchain Network rely on its underlying “Consensus Protocol”?
I have been reading about and researching on Blockchain Technology for quite a while now, and what I can comprehend from the very primitive architecture of these "Distributed Databases" is that ...
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0answers
26 views
How is the fault tolerance measured?
āIf the number of nodes that agree exceeds 2/3, the blocks or transactions of clients will be acceptedā
Practical Byzantine fault tolerance (pBFT) : (n - 1) / 3
I read those 2 things in a PDF that a ...
0
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1answer
53 views
Private Blockchains: Validation
I'm a software developer, and I have some questions about private blockchains, I'd like to have technical answers since I'm trying to understand blockchain at a code level. I'm going to write a ...
1
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2answers
58 views
Proof for “Is an immutable, decentralized blockchain possible without economical incentives?”
Bitcoin is immutable because of economical incentives. Those who are able to 51% the network can't do it, because it'll result in the value of the currency to drop tremendously, which causes waste of ...
-2
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1answer
29 views
Bitcoin Pluggable Consensus with Algorand? [closed]
Algorand is an extremely promising consensus protocol -- Could Bitcoin be configured to use Algorand?
0
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1answer
60 views
On blockchain scalability bottleneck
It is often said that the major bottleneck of blockchain scalability is that every (honest) node has to process every (valid) transactions. But the progress of a blockchain is how fast it reaches ...
6
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0answers
317 views
Did the introduction of VerifyScript cause a backwards incompatible change to consensus?
My question is about the changes to bitcoin done by commit range [a75560d8, 6ff5f718], and their effect on consensus.
Out of this range of four commits (all attributed to satoshi) during the dates ...
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0answers
67 views
What is the best way to test new consensus protocol?
I wanted to test a new consensus protocol. However, the bitcoin core is a large codebase (>100k lines). Is there any small codebase which is designed to test new consensus protocols and includes only ...
1
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1answer
75 views
In what way does Spectre have “weak” liveness?
In his article The Spectre Protocol, Aviv Zohar, one of Spectre's authors, mentions that Spectre has weak liveness.
Why does he mention that Spectre has "weak" liveness, and how would "strong liveness"...
2
votes
2answers
554 views
Exact definition of “Liveness” and “Safety” properties in a consensus?
Two main properties of a consensus are "Liveness" and "Safety".
What are the exact and precised definition of "Liveness" and "Safety" properties in a consensus ?
Are the following definitions ...
0
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1answer
61 views
Is there a max number of tx outputs allowed by consensus? [duplicate]
It seems good for preventing an UTXO bloat by restricting max number of outputs of TX(or block) can have.
Is there such a restriction? if there is, which part of source code should I read? If not, why ...
1
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1answer
39 views
Does the BFT solution from lamport guarantee liveness?
Solution: https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~luca/cs174/byzantine.pdf
Although there is a lot of material about this, I am still not sure what the answer is. I found two different statements:
Yes, it ...
1
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1answer
63 views
Bitcoin economic nodes, concensus, and historical nodes
With regards to the recent dos + inflation bug, and seeing that most nodes on the network have still not upgraded with the patch (lukedashjr's chart here: https://luke.dashjr.org/programs/bitcoin/...
2
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1answer
292 views
Byzantine Fault Tolerance Threshold of Bitcoin: 1/2 or 1/3? (Edited)
According to this answer: https://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/a/58908/41513 a Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus threshold is 1/3.
On the other hand, there is a common belief that Bitcoin network ...
1
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2answers
76 views
Do miners become temporary dictators of blocks they mined?
This is something I've read here: https://blockgeeks.com/guides/bitcoin-forks-guide/
"When a group of miners discovers and mine a new block, they become temporary dictators of that block"
Can anyone ...
5
votes
2answers
317 views
Why didn't Bitcoin implement segwit in the first place?
Why didn't Bitcoin implement segwit in the first place?
Why and how does non-segwit Bitcoin enable a miner to change a transaction's txid?
From Mastering Bitcoin ch. 7 Ā§ "Transaction identifiers":
...
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3answers
292 views
Game Theory in Blockchain?
The blockchain consensus seems to be very related to the Game Theory, when each participant tries to achieve their "favorites", where defining "what favorites means" is not very easy, since a ...
0
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1answer
111 views
Tendermint consensus: Are validators “known” and “pre-selected”?
What are similarities and differences between Tendermint consensus and Proof-of-Stak?
For example, in both consensus, a validator is selected randomly (I think in Tendermint consensus they are ...
1
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1answer
27 views
Bitcoin version conundrum
Given that the Bitcoin node software not centrally controlled (auto updated) and many different versions and implementations exist around the world, how would a core change be possible if it is not ...
1
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1answer
291 views
Is PBFT a consensus algorithm?
Can we consider PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance) as a consensus algorithm ?
And if yes, How does it work?
And is it similar to other consensuses such as PoW, PoS or PoA ? Or it is totally ...
1
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1answer
257 views
Is “Proof-of-work” a subset of “Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT)”?
Can we say that Proof-of-work is a type of Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT) ? In other words, is PoW a subset of BFT ? Or they are two different categories?
Please note that there is a similar ...
0
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1answer
74 views
Consensus roles for op_return
What is the validation rule, not policy, for op_return? What is the maximum length of the data that can be attached? Is it 514 bytes? As if the maximum script size was 520 bytes -1 byte for the ...
1
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1answer
182 views
How to select a leader in RAFT consensus protocol [closed]
Suppose a network of 5 nodes uses RAFT consensus protocol. Each nodes maintains a transactions log which consists of a list of the log entries. Each log entry again consists of index and term. All of ...
