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Questions tagged [full-node]

Nodes that fully verify all of the rules of Bitcoin. The most popular software implementation of full nodes is called Bitcoin Core.

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What is the meaning of the term "full-node"?

There seem to be some different interpretations of what the term "full-node" implies. E.g. there seems to be some disagreement whether a pruned node is still a full-node. So: What characteristics ...
Murch's user avatar
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3 votes
3 answers
681 views

How exactly are Bitcoin's consensus rules enforced?

There are some rules called consensus rules, for example the block generation amount. And it is said that "a change to consensus rules is a hard-fork". But how exactly are the consensus ...
Dmitry Andrievsky's user avatar
23 votes
4 answers
37k views

What is the difference between a miner and a full node?

I have trouble finding the difference between a full node and a miner. It looks like these two names are used interchangeably which I think is not entirely correct. Miners do process blocks and full ...
Joe's user avatar
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2 votes
1 answer
563 views

How to getheaders from blockchain?

I have run a full node on linux now I can run commands with bitcoin-cli like: bitcoin-cli getbestblockhash it returns: 0000000000344240308f54ded700542571b3df9efe05fab92e669099e20e0d92 or bitcoin-...
Hamid Naghipour's user avatar
10 votes
6 answers
2k views

Can bitcoin protocol be changed to add economic incentives to validating nodes?

We all want more decentralized bitcoin network and more people to run nodes. However, as we know that things are driven more by market economics rather than philanthropic or feel good factors. Similar ...
dark knight's user avatar
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7 votes
2 answers
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Do I need to keep all blocks when running Bitcoin Core?

Do I need to keep all blocks, from block 0 up to the current one, when running Bitcoin Core, either as a full node or not? Or can I just keep the more recent blocks to save space?
Geremia's user avatar
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3 votes
1 answer
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Does having a pruned node reduce its network score?

My node's network score (revealed by getnetworkinfo) is very low (<75). Most of the time there are no peers with incoming connections connected to the node. Is this because I'm running a pruned ...
Geremia's user avatar
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3 votes
1 answer
561 views

Running multiple bitcoin instances on same server system

I wish to run multiple instances of bitcoind on my server to support highly read intensive RPC applications. Following links: how to run multiple bitcoind node on one server? Running Multiple Full ...
curious's user avatar
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1 vote
1 answer
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Maximum number of outbound full relay connections

What is the maximum number of outbound full relay connections a bitcoin core full node can make? I was assuming it's 8 but then realized we can add another 8 connections using addnode while reviewing ...
user avatar
0 votes
1 answer
290 views

Running a full node VS mining [duplicate]

I read the following on bitcoin.org A full node is a program that fully validates transactions and blocks. Almost all full nodes also help the network by accepting transactions and blocks from other ...
Prince M's user avatar
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10 votes
2 answers
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Running lightning in prune mode

I am running lightning with the LND implementation and a full node. Nevertheless, I heard that it is possible to use Lighting in pruned mode. How is this possible? I read in the LND install ...
dvg's user avatar
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9 votes
1 answer
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Running a Bitcoin node (behind Firewall / NAT or anything else? disallowing inbound connections)

I consider running a bitcoin full node on a raspberry Pi 3. I want to attach the raspberry Pi into my home-network (wifi). When I check my IP address I have a public address to the outside (which is ...
Stefan's user avatar
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8 votes
3 answers
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How long does block validation take?

Assume a miner receives a new block from a connected peer. Please correct me if I'm wrong: The miner validates the newly received block before using it themself and sending it to their other connected ...
UTF-8's user avatar
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6 votes
1 answer
7k views

Checking if full node is running

I just followed the instruction to run full node in Ubuntu using the below bitcoin.org link. https://bitcoin.org/en/full-node#ubuntu-1610 How do I verify if the full node in PC is active and running? ...
Holmes's user avatar
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6 votes
1 answer
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Transaction verification by miner VS full node with & without SegWit

I'm trying to fill a few gaps in my understanding of transaction verification and would appreciate any insight. Without SegWit Miners broadcast new blocks which contain the signature(s) with every ...
Olshansky's user avatar
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5 votes
1 answer
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Running full node over Tor

I am attempting to run a full bitcoin-core (v0.13.1) node over the Tor network for the first time. I have set up my /etc/tor/torrc file with the following two lines: HiddenServiceDir /var/lib/tor/...
Sven Williamson's user avatar
4 votes
1 answer
195 views

Can a node broadcast a valid signed raw transaction while still syncing?

Built and signed a native bech32 UTXO, but when I attempt to broadcast from my testnet node using the command sendrawtransaction it returns "missing inputs". I don't have the private keys in my wallet,...
m1xolyd1an's user avatar
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4 votes
1 answer
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How can a pruned node be classed a full node without the full blockchain?

A full node is a node with the whole blockchain and is able to verify any new incoming blocks. A pruned node, is a node with only some of the blockchain, namely it has removed some of the older ...
Kyle Graham's user avatar
4 votes
2 answers
488 views

Can bitcoin node startup be secure without validating the entire blockchain?

One of the largest hurdles in my mind to increasing the number of full nodes operating is the startup cost related to downloading the blockchain. A similar but less important (in my mind) issue is ...
Dave Scotese's user avatar
4 votes
2 answers
375 views

Does a 2009 node sync the whole bitcoin blockchain

So does a 2009 node sync the whole bitcoin blockchain and does the temporary split of 2013 have any impact on that?
Bram's user avatar
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3 votes
2 answers
759 views

How to get info for public address from bitcoin-cli + local db? (Can it be done without creating a wallet?)

I just started running my own full node. IBD is finished, and I'm now learning how to use bitcoin-cli. First I would like to extract all the available information for one or more public addresses ...
kjo's user avatar
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3 votes
2 answers
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Pros & Cons of Self Hosting Bitcoin Node vs using a 3rd Party Service?

We are a medium size company building a blockchain application that requires us to interact with the Bitcoin blockchain (+ several other cryptocurrencies). One option is for us to use a 3rd party ...
Design X's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
1k views

Full node vs lightning node

What is the difference between a full node and a lightning (network) node? If a lightning node, that is not a full node, opens a payment channel with another lightning node, how can the first peer ...
ActuallyLZ's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
214 views

Unable to use `blocks` and `chainstate` from external drive

I want to use data directory from a different location (external SSD) on a Windows machine. When I save the path for it in bitcoin.conf it still uses old data directory. How can I use datadir in ...
user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
878 views

Under what circumstances will a full node disconnect a peer?

I know a full node will disconnect from a node if that node "misbehaves". For example, a node's connection will be dropped if it sends too many messages that don't follow the rules (what rules?) and ...
B T's user avatar
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3 votes
1 answer
185 views

What are the advantages for an user that is running a Bitcoin full node?

I am running a Bitcoin full node Bitcoin core version v0.19.1 (64-bit). I know that is one of the most secure wallets, but the process to set up a full node is very painful, and even if you keep ...
Luca Blight's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
166 views

Is the idea of fraud proofs possible in reality?

I once read this on Twitter, which is said by Luke Dashjr, a Core dev: The original design was to have full nodes create proofs of invalid blocks, to alert SPV nodes to them. SPV nodes would then ...
Chris Chen's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
1k views

Step by step to make a SPV bitcoin node

As I know, there is a light node version called SPV. for now I have started a full node and it has downloaded 82222 blocks, but I don't want to have a full node with full blockchain, my purpose is to ...
Hamid Naghipour's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
68 views

Was bitcoin peer to peer network affected because of the recent BGP hijack incident?

Can someone ELI5 BGP hijacking, impact on Bitcoin, countermeasures and if there were any issues because of the recent incident? Related links: https://twitter.com/ProtonMail/status/1311013829514539011 ...
user avatar
2 votes
2 answers
1k views

Open-source forensic analysis tools to analyze full-node's local copy of Bitcoin blockchain?

Are there any open source alternatives to Chainalysis Reactor for doing forensic analysis of a local copy of the full Bitcoin blockchain?
Geremia's user avatar
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2 votes
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814 views

As a full node, does limiting bitcoind bandwidth hurt the network?

As the top answer to this post, Maximillian Laumeister claims: "IMPORTANT NOTE: If you limit the bandwidth of Bitcoin Core far below your actual upload speed, it can actually harm the Bitcoin network ...
schulwitz's user avatar
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2 votes
1 answer
268 views

How to run the bitcoin client so as to only accept blocks?

I read somewhere that running a full node at full functionality requires 200 GB/month bandwidth. Since that is too uneconomical in my country, I would like to run the client such that it simply adds ...
user2277550's user avatar
2 votes
3 answers
3k views

how to run multiple bitcoind node on one server?

I have created one full node bitcoind on my VPS, that one is serving application A. Now I want to create application B that has another node but on same VPS. is that possible to install multiple ...
Billy Adelphia's user avatar
1 vote
2 answers
92 views

Security of users not running a full node

Imagine, a datacenter network running full nodes & no user running a full node. Would that be unsafe? If no, why do bitcoin users run a full node? If yes, why don't bitcoin users run a full node?
skang404's user avatar
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1 vote
1 answer
77 views

Can a node be maliciously programmed to validate all the transactions coming from a specific entity?

In a blockchain there are miner nodes and validator nodes. The job of a validator node is to validate transactions to be included in the mempool, broadcast or propagate the transaction for the other ...
Manav Kampani's user avatar
1 vote
3 answers
687 views

Verifying old blocks

I have a question about an implementation detail - when are old blocks verified by each full node? I.e. when will I be "caught" if I change the contents of an old block (and thus break the hash chain) ...
Bozho's user avatar
  • 113
1 vote
2 answers
448 views

Full node or Full node third-party services pros and cons [closed]

I'm setting up P2P Bitcoin website similar to LocalBitcoin for school project. Before I go deep into this journey I'm doing some plannings. I have lot's of questions in my head and have been studying ...
Emeka Mbah's user avatar
1 vote
2 answers
231 views

How to get total transactions on the network with RPC

I have seen no concrete answer to this question anywhere. I assume it is possible to get the total number of successful transactions on the bitcoin network using bitcoin-cli command because most ...
uwem's user avatar
  • 23
0 votes
2 answers
119 views

What role has bitcoin-init as a process?

I have set up a node on a RaspberryPi. When I check for active processes with top I see bitcoin-init occupying 50% of memory and 7% of CPU. I can check for bitcoind and it is active: bitcoin@...
bomben's user avatar
  • 498
0 votes
2 answers
173 views

Blockchain's previous snapshot

Is there any way to download past btc transactions without running a full node? Searching about this, usually all the answers suggest to run a full node. I.e. I want a file that contains, say, all the ...
111's user avatar
  • 101
0 votes
1 answer
113 views

What is the alternative for an exchange which doesnt want to run a node of a coin traded?

It seems to be best practice for an exchange to run a node itself for a coin traded there. But, is there an alternative? A third party service? If yes, which are recommended and why?
NB13's user avatar
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