Questions tagged [transaction-malleability]
A property of Bitcoin transactions that allows them to be replicated with another transaction id before they are included in a block.
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What types of transaction malleability exist and which one of them does SegWit solve?
I am little confused about what types of transaction malleability exist in bitcoin and which one of them does SegWit solve.
Here Antoine Poinsot talks about txid malleability and third-party ...
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Bitcoin transaction malleability is it only for unconfirmed transaction?
I do understand what is transaction malleability and how to do it in practice eg. DER-encoded ASN.1, ECDSA and know that these 2 have been fixed.
Also there are some other types (do not know examples),...
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Is a transaction with a non-segwit input STILL considered malleable? If so how?
Below are a few examples of witness malleability, along with reasons why I believe they are no longer valid:
DER Malleability
For every DER signature with (r,s), there exists 2 valid 's' values -> ...
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Why is it a bug that a Taproot tree allows a Tapleaf to be repeated on multiple levels of the tree?
On the bitcoin-dev mailing list Russell O'Connor stated:
There is a bug in Taproot that allows the same Tapleaf to be repeated
multiple times in the same Taproot, potentially at different Taplevels
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When is a Miniscript solution malleable?
I'm having some trouble understanding malleability in miniscript. Specifically I cannot get why some solutions can be used instead of other.
I think using an example may help.
Say, for instance, this ...
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How and when were high-s signatures made non-standard?
I was just trying to pin-point which BIP made high-s signatures non-standard. BIP62 proposed it as a new consensus rule, but was withdrawn. I couldn't find it in another BIP.
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Where are signatures stored in segwit, and why are addresses different?
So I'm researching SegWit, and as far as I'm aware, it re-organizes the data structure of transactions so that the ECDSA signature is not included in the preimage of the Tx Hash.
I am also aware that ...
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Integrity of Bitcoin transaction outputs
I am a noob. Currently, I am reading Mastering Bitcoin book. If I understand correctly, output of a bitcoin transaction is just a locking script with this format:
scriptPubKey: "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 ...
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Do BIP199's HTLCs suffer from script malleability?
Do BIP199 HTLCs suffer from sigscript malleability like multisigs do due to OP_CHECKMULTISIG?
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What are the malleability threat vectors when passing PSBTs to other actors?
If I am passing a PSBT (Partially Signed Bitcoin Transaction) between multiple people, and I pass on my signature for my UTXOs for given inputs, can someone take advantage of malleability and cheat me ...
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Are the witnesses segregated with Schnorr signatures?
SegWit fixed transaction malleability by just moving the signature out of the block of data that's being hashed to form the transaction id.
However, Schnorr does not suffer from signature malleability ...
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what does segwit remove?
It's said that Segwit removes signature data from transactions which makes block have more space for more transactions.
Question 1)
If SegWit removes signature data, where does it put it exactly ? ...
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Are P2PKH or P2SH transactions malleable?
BIP66 fixed one source of transaction malleability and segwit, to my understanding, fixed the rest of the sources. Yet, there are still many common types of non-segwit transactions in use, like P2PKH ...
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Transaction malleability in Testnet
I want to replicate transaction malleability to study it.
I have two transactions data signed in testnet.
One it's the original,
...
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scriptsig-not-pushonly (code 64) during send transaction in regtest
I create a transaction in regtest without send it, I have transaction data signed.
I modified a little bit the scriptSig in order to replicate transaction malleability, I add two operations (2 OP_DROP)...
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Multisig refund transaction flaw in Lightning Network talk
I was watching Tadje Dryja's talk at SF Bitcoin Devs conference on transaction malleability, which formed part of the basis behind the Lightning Network.
At 17'45", I saw this example. Prior to ...
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Transaction malleability
I have been reading about transaction malleability a lot still doesn't make sense to me.
Is there a script I can use to test it out ?
If the transaction that is malleable is changed by the attack, how ...
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How does storing the witness outside of the block prevent malleability?
I have some question on how segregated witness work.
I'm reading this post and in the answer exist this phrase
Since signature data (witness data) is stored outside the transaction (and outside ...
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Are non-SegWit transactions still malleable?
SegWit was (amongst other improvements) introduced to fix malleability issues. Does that mean that non-SegWit transactions are still malleable? If so, what types of malleability could still happen in ...
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Following SegWit implementation, is BIP-146 signalling and implementation still on the docket?
Is BIP 146, which defines using the low S value, still on the docket to be signalled and implemented given that SegWit fixed the txid malleability issue by moving the witness outside the transaction? ...
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Why SHOULD the funding tx consume BIP 141 inputs?
In BOLT 02 we read that the funding TX should only consume segwit inputs.
The sender: when creating the funding transaction: SHOULD use only BIP141 (Segregated Witness) inputs.
What is the reason ...
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Why is the wtxid considered malleable?
Why is the wtxid considered malleable since the transaction is unconfirmed?
How can a third-party modify it?
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In ECDSA, why is (r,−s mod n) complementary to (r, s)?
I am trying to find resources in previous malleability posts, but couldn't find derivations/proofs of this fact or how the exact low-s value is derived. Any pointers would greatly appreciated.
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How malleability ussue works?
Can you explain malleability issue, please?
This is what I read here: https://qz.com/175565/why-nobody-can-withdraw-bitcoins-from-one-of-the-currencys-largest-exchanges/
"When a transaction record ...
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Why didn't Bitcoin implement segwit in the first place?
Why didn't Bitcoin implement segwit in the first place?
Why and how does non-segwit Bitcoin enable a miner to change a transaction's txid?
From Mastering Bitcoin ch. 7 § "Transaction identifiers":
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Transaction Malleability, if i want to change signature, what part should I change, so that it would remain valid?
I know what transaction malleability is, but I don't understand how someone can change my signature so that it would remain valid. For example, If I want to change signature what part should I change, ...
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"comment" and "to" of malleated transactions
I'm using the bitcoin core wallet and trying to build some programs around it. I see that comment and to can be added to transactions locally. If I understand it correctly, both are stored in local ...
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Can transaction id be used to verify a transaction?
I have seen alot of questions here on "Transaction Malleability issue". Editing of transaction id can be done by miners or nodes which relay the transaction.
What I want to know is
whether the ...
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Why was transaction malleability fix required for Lightning network?
Transaction malleability is that TXID can be changed modifying the signature slightly without the private key. To implement Lightning Network, it was required to fix the malleability.
However, I ...
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Why are miners allowed to change a tx id?
BIP 62 proposed to make transaction malleability impossible.
Why was this retracted and why are miners allowed to change a transaction id?
Also, what does it mean when someone says signatures ...
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What does malleable mean in "transaction malleability"?
Does malleable mean modifiable?
If you can malleate a transaction you can modify some of its parts leaving the transaction as still valid (the signatures are not broken).
If you can malleate the ...
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Lightning network: how was malleability actually fixed?
Section 3.1.2 of the Lightning paper (Version 0.5.9.2, last modified 14 January 2016) discusses ways to fix the transaction malleability issue, which prevented Bitcoin transactions from spending UTXO ...
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malleability in 2-of-2 multisig payment channel
I am having issues understanding 2-of-2 multisig, with regards to the malleability attack. Where Alice and Bob set up a multisig payment channel where Alice sends 1 BTC in order to do multiple tx ...
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What can be the reason to change transaction ID?
I always thought that when my wallet create a transaction, it's transaction id is fixed (it is the SHA256 of the transaction message). Yes, the transaction might not be included in the next block (and ...
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Why is BIP-147 (Dealing with dummy stack element malleability, part of segwit) necessary?
Given BIP-11 (M-of-N Standard Transactions) it's not clear why BIP-147 (Dealing with dummy stack element malleability) is necessary.
BIP-11 states:
OP_CHECKMULTISIG transactions are redeemed using ...
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What's the easiest way for a third party to malleate a transaction?
Let's say I am a node. A transaction has been relayed to me, and one of the scriptSig fields is:
<sig> <pubKey>
What is the easiest way for me to malleate this transaction?
For example, ...
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Does Segwit mean easier government monitoring?
I have noticed a steady stream of PR articles talking ad nauseum of the dangers of a contentious hard fork and how miners refusing to signal segwit are screwing us all. Many are quite well written and ...
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tx-malleability who re-signed the tx?
It would be really great if there was a way to loop through all the txids in a new block and be able to check if you (can) sign your original transaction the same way it was re-signed - that it ...
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How did blockr.io see this?
Here's the pushed/broacast-ed tx http://tbtc.blockr.io/tx/info/d8e5dac095d5f6133e6c3f11e1d9f923c04dac0824f9f8ce0000573df7cc8080
txid was malleated to txid (when the tx was added into the block):
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testnet3 frequent tx malleability
Related How confirm my own doublespend transaction got confirmed
This is not about double spends and I believe that the related question is not about double spends ether!
On bitcoin's testnet3 I am ...
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How confirm my own doublespend transaction got confirmed
Transactions in the testnet are right now almost always double spent with a new txid (possible due to tx malleability). This is actually quite nice for testing purposes.
So I'm wondering - when I ...
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If well-built wallet software can avoid transaction malleability, why does the lightning network need an additional malleability fix?
My understanding is that wallets can avoid creating malleable transactions. If so, why does a lightning network need SegWit or some other tx malleability fix?
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OP_RETURN malleability?
Can anyone alter the data after OP_return?
My question needs to have more characters, so I insert an example, that doesn't hurt:
"vout" : [
{
"value" : 0.00000000,
"n" : 0,
...
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How to create walletconflicts in regtest mode?
I play with Bitcoin Core 0.13 in regtest mode using python. Now I use bitcoin-testnet-box, I have two nodes connected to each other. I want to create a walletconflict. I want to get gettransaction <...
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Bitcoin Core 0.13 -- jsonrpc interface -- conflicted transactions
I use bitcoind's Wallet feature to manage my bitcoins.
Using json-rpc interface, how can I check that a transaction is a conflicted one? And, how can I get txhash of a transaction, that spends those ...
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How are transaction IDs generated and how are they then changed by transaction malleability?
How are the transaction IDs generated for a Bitcoin transaction? How can the transaction ID change due to a transaction malleability attack?
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why is double-spend not an issue for payment channels?
Micropayment Channels (MPC) cannot be used currently because of transaction malleability, I hear.
AFAIK, people saying that have in mind that the refund & payment tx, which have as input the ...
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Are Micropayment channels still subject to malleability after BIP65?
After BIP 65, are simple, unidirectional, MPC still subject to transaction malleability?
More specifically:
Is the payee at risk because of malleability? If yes, how? (as far as I understood, the ...
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Is transaction malleability the only consensus issue that needs fix to allow lightning network?
Is transaction malleability the only thing needs fix in the bitcoin consensus code to enable lightning network to be implemented?
Of course, lightning network itself would need to be implemented, but ...
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Is it possible to combine two separate transactions into one transaction by only using their signatures?
I have two valid txs and two valid signatures for those txs.
Right now they look like:
1) A -> B
2) C -> D
A and C are inputs & B and D are outputs.
I want to be able to combine them ...
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