3
It depends a lot on the kind of locking condition you want to satisfy. The addresses that you have mentioned would depict 'standard' locking condition where the user reveals their public key and associated signature in order to spend the locked bitcoins. However, you can create custom scripts and then convert them into standard addresses.
For example, ...
2
A first thing to correct is that UTXOs are not referenced by address, but by the txid that created them. The addresses are purely a human abstraction about locking conditions to help think about ownership.
So in your example what happens is that in the initial transaction tx0 created by A, B was credited with 10 BTC. Assume that transaction only had one ...
1
UTXO are uniquely identified by their outpoint. An outpoint consists of the id of the transaction that created the output and the position in the output list. As transaction ids are the full transaction body's hash, they are collision resistant, and as each position in the output list can occur only once, outpoints can be expected to be unique.
E.g. the ...
1
For Pay2PubKey addresses, it's always 160 bits of entropy, regardless of the address format (old, 1... or the new Bech32 format)
Pay2ScriptHash addresses, in the old Base58 format (3...) have 160 bits of entropy. In Bech32, they have 256 bits. You can read more about why the developers increased it here and here.
1
"fundrawtransaction" and "walletcreatefundedpsbt" are wallet RPCs. They add inputs and change outputs from your wallet to aim for a specific feerate for the transaction.
These operations inherently require the relevant wallet. Change addresses are generated by the sender's wallet, and inputs have to come from the wallet of the sender. If you don't have that ...
1
Finally, I got the spend transaction. I signed it with another wallet and tried broadcasting it.
This wallet filled the scriptSig instead of the witness.
Here is a step-by-step P2WSH multisig I made on regtest:
Generate two addresses:
$ bcreg1 getnewaddress
2MsPUyivVzHR236LybpdVN7JUaTETQfGwYM
$ bcreg1 getnewaddress
2MyTveMpMuXLVsgEuwACM6ZuRsH5GS2TuFk
...
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