The message "BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain: txindex is catching up on block notifications" is appearing regularly in my debug.log. When these messages appear, I can be sure that lnd will not be able to complete syncing to the chain and thus unable to fully start.
This message occurs after the "txindex thread exit" message, and can be triggered with a "bitcoin-cli getrawtransaction xxx" call. I don't know how to resolve this, or even to determine what state the txindex is in. Restarting bitcoind does not help.
I am running Bitcoin Core version v0.18.0 (release build).