Questions tagged [segregated-witness]
A 2017 softfork that introduced a new transaction format to fix third-party transaction malleability and increased the blocksize.
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How is segwit2x different from segwit?
Today everybody got the news about the potential segwit2x adoption. However, I am trying to understand:
while both of them based on the same segwit principals how they are different? Is it about the ...
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Is there a difference between bytes and virtual bytes (vbytes)?
In an Optech newsletter, size is referred to using vbytes. Is there a difference between vbytes and bytes? If so, what is the difference?
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How is SegWit a soft fork?
Reading this section of BIP144, I noticed the followng statement:
Parsers supporting this BIP will be able to distinguish between the old serialization format (without the witness) and this one. ...
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What is "segregated witness" and how can it improve network scalability?
I've just heard about it, and it is claimed to be a "turning point" in the block-size debate.
What is "segregated witness?" how does it work?
How can it be used for improving network scalability?
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Bitcoin Segwit was released in the summer of 2017 to reduce the blocksize congestion. Why is it still congested?
Segwit was released in the summer of 2017 to resolve the network congestion. Why is the network still congested? Didn't it enable 1MB blocks to become 2MB blocks? Or do you have to wait for wallet ...
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How thoroughly has Segregated Witness been tested?
I've encountered claims that Segregated Witness was "not really tested" and is being "rushed".
It is my understanding that SegWit had been running on Elements for more than half a year already, and ...
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Are all three Bitcoin address types interoperable (legacy, segwit, native segwit)?
is it possible to send transactions back and forth between all 3 address types (legacy, segwit, native segwit-bech32)?
Or is one of them not able to send to another?
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Why is witness data downloaded during IBD in prune mode?
Why do pruned nodes download (segregated) witness data during IBD if much of that data is marked as Assumevalid?
These nodes seem to be downloading witness data just to prune it. Since we already know ...
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What is the User Activated Softfork (UASF) proposal? How do its risks compare to hardforks?
The Bitcoin community is abuzz with discussion about shaolinfry's proposal of a UASF to activate SegWit as an alternative to the Version Bits activation. I've seen frequent and extensive discussion of ...
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How to generate SegWit address
How do I generate a SegWit address using Bitcoin Core CLI? Also will I be able to redeem those outputs and send them to a "legacy" address? If so, will this second transaction be accepted by older, ...
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Is SegWit a blocksize increase or more efficient use of blockspace?
This question gets asked frequently on reddit, and I think it would be beneficial to have a canonical answer here:
Is SegWit a blocksize increase or more efficient use of blockspace?
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Why include the Segregated Witness Merkle Root in the input field of the coinbase transaction?
I just read this article to understand SegWit better: https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/segregated-witness-part-how-a-clever-hack-could-significantly-increase-bitcoin-s-potential-1450553618/ There'...
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Follow-up to Segwit: Arbitrary data storage in witness?
In 2017 a question about Segwit: Arbitrary data storage in witness? asked whether people wanting to store more data in the blockchain than OP_RETURN allows could instead store data in the witness ...
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With 100% segwit transactions, what would be the max number of transaction confirmation possible on a block?
With 100% segwit transactions, what would be the max number of transaction confirmation possible on a block?
And, how many utxo can be updated by a block full of segwit transactions?
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What are the segregated witness tradeoffs?
Segregated witnesses sound like a win in a lot of ways, I'm just trying to understand how they apply to scalability. If I understand correctly, there is a second Merkle tree of witnesses mirroring the ...
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Bech32 conversion to legacy P2PKH?
Electrum now generates Bech32 addresses for SegWit wallets.
Example: bc1qnntcclssmtuvfw2te7q49lzvw67cfvpzxger4j
Pubkey: 023f1b3421c6ae0c1758834d40806c2418194b507be261fa343a0636653f3ec75b
If I ...
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Where is the Signature stored in a SegWit transaction?
I understand that SegWit makes transaction blockdata smaller, by not storing the signature in the Block, so that can fit more transactions in 1MB. This is because the signature is not anymore stored ...
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How many more transactions per second will be possible with SegWit?
On a percentage basis compared to the current theoretical limit how many more transactions per second will be possible after SegWit?
Will the answer to number 1 scale linearly with block size ...
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How to get addresses from scriptPubKey in segwit transactions?
I'm running through raw transaction data, and I'd like to be able to gather addresses (where possible).
So far, I've made this diagram to help me understand when it's possible to figure out addresses ...
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Litecoin has had SegWit for one month, what impact did that have? [closed]
Litecoin activated SegWit about one month ago on May 10th (block 1201536). What impact did the SegWit activation on Litecoin have? How many blocks have a witness commitment? How many SegWit ...
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How do virtual size, stripped size and raw size compare between legacy address formats and native segwit?
This answer states that SegWit doesn't reduce transaction size. If this is true, why is it cheaper to send a SegWit transaction?
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Why does Taproot require a new address format?
Dawid Ciężarkiewicz asked on Twitter:
Hey #bitcoin ers. I'm trying to figure out why taproot needs a new
address format, as I missed it. If you have a good link or something -
please share. I thought ...
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How to track Segregated Witness adoption rates
How can I find out what the current Segregated witness adoption rate is, so as to see how it is progressing towards the 95% readiness required for it to activate.
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Why is the witness data fee discounted by a factor of four?
I've read that it encourages users to consolidate UTXO sets. How would it be doing that?
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What does a segregated witness transaction look like?
I'd like to learn how segregated witness works, and I thought the raw transaction data would be a good place to start
If this is the structure of current transactions:
version | [inputcount] {[txid] ...
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Difference between a SegWit address and a P2SH address
Let there be an address 3ABCDEFGHJKDJHDH....
How can I understand if it's a SegWit address or a MultiSig address?
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How does SegWit reduce transaction size, when the signature is simply moved to another part of the transaction?
This video explains that the signature is moved out of the input section and moved to the new one called the witness. From what I can tell, the witness signature is still contained in this transaction ...
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What the difference between old segwit (3) and new segwit address (bc)?
i'm not that kind of person who understands cryptography and math, can you tell me simply the main purpose of new segwit address? are transactions fee the same for new segwit (bc1)?
instead of "Old ...
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How would I explain SegWit to a non-technical friend?
How can I explain the potential ease of scaling and feature benefits of Segregated Witness to a non technical friend?
How can I explain the potential drawbacks of Segregated Witness in a non ...
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What is a fraud proof?
In Pieter Wuille's presentation on Segregated Witness, he often mentioned "fraud proofs". What exactly are they? Do physical users actually have to go out of their way to manually produce these proofs ...
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What is block weight and how is it different from block size?
While reading about BIP141, I have encountered the following options:
Block creation options:
-blockmaxweight=<n> Set maximum BIP141 block weight (default: 3000000)
-blockmaxsize=<n> ...
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What is 'ScriptCode'?
I don't understand what the 'ScriptCode' thing is. Is it a part of transaction format? The wiki https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Transaction describes scriptPubKey and scriptSig, mentioning nothing about '...
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What is the Witness and what data does it contain?
I've learned about the Segregated Witness but couldn't find info on breaking it down.
I know usually when legacy addresses are used the public keys for example will be under Scriptig. With P2SH, I ...
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Can a Non-Segwit Miner mine segwit transactions?
I understand that non-segwit nodes interpret segwit txes as Anyone-Can-Spend txes, and they cannot validate txes that spend segwit outputs.
But when an old style miner receives a segwit tx to mine he ...
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What was the number of the block in which SegWit got activated? And first transaction?
It was definitely on August 24th 2017, but not sure about the block number. Many sources reference block 481,822; but others state 481,824.
Also, even if this was the first block to allow segwit ...
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What is the precise definition of "witness program"?
BIP 141 uses the term "witness program" extensively without, apparently, adhering to a consistent definition.
From the heading "Witness Program":
A scriptPubKey (or redeemScript as defined in ...
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How do blocks signal whether it supports segwit for the 95% threshold?
Ideally, I'd also like to see graphs that indicate how close we are to segwit adoption and the number of minimum blocks we are away from actual segwit adoption.
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Does a segwit based side chain like the lightning network allow for fractional reserve?
I'm confused.
I've watched the video The Lightning Network Explained (Litecoin/Bitcoin), and read the following comments by Craig Wright:
This occurs because schemes such as segregated witness ...
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SegWit transaction fee/byte
For transaction not spending SegWit outputs it's straightforward: if I have 1000 Satoshi fee set for 500 byte raw transaction, I end up with 2 s/b fee.
How about transaction containing witness data?
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How to see the number of segwit transactions in a block
Now that segwit is active I am interested to know how many segwit transactions are in each block.
The Blockchain explorers I've looked at don't seem to be tracking this info.
Is there any service ...
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Will SegWit allow for m of n multisig with very large n and m?
By reading this answer, I understand that in m-of-n multisig addresses, m and n are limited by the maximum size allowed by the P2SH redeemScript (i.e. 520 bytes).
However, in this section of BIP141, ...
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How could a 2 byte witness program make sense?
BIP141 requires the witness program to be 2-40 bytes for segwit versions 1-16 (for v0 it must be either 20 or 32 bytes).
When would a 2 byte witness program ever make sense?
The 16 bits entropy is ...
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What is the difference between "native segwit" and "bech32"?
People seem to be using "native segwit" and "bech32" interchangeably. Are they really the same thing?
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Can I mix P2PKH and P2WPKH inputs in the same transaction?
I'm trying to increase my knowledge of bech32 and SegWit and to that end am working my way through this explanation.
Here's a hypothetical situation I'm trying to understand. Let's say Jamal has ...
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Most efficient way to store Segwit Address in a database
This is not a duplicate of What is the most efficient way to store bitcoin addresses in a database? but it's the same question except I need a segwit answer.
Let's say I wanted to store every ...
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How do transaction costs compare between Bech32 addresses and legacy Bitcoin addresses?
Now that Electrum 3 supports Bech32 addresses for segwit, when sending coins to a legacy address are fees higher or cheaper?
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What are the different upgradeability features in the BIP-Taproot (BIP 341) proposal?
What are the different upgradability features in the BIP-Taproot (BIP 341) proposal?
Why are there so many upgradability paths? Is there something an annex can do that a leaf version can't?
This ...
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In simple terms, what are the major differences between P2WPKH and P2WSH bech32 addresses?
I've read over the bip173, bip141, and bip143 specifications and they're a bit too technical to get at the simple answers I'm looking for.
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Will P2TR make P2WSH obsolete?
Assuming users have upgraded their wallets to handle P2TR outputs and trust the validation rules of P2TR, would there be any advantage of using P2WSH over P2TR?
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Requirements to accept and send SegWit transactions?
I roughly understand how SegWit works, but not the details, got a few practical questions.
If I understood correctly there are separate 'SegWit addresses'. How does that work, do they look like ...
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